To investigate a factor which will affect, the resistance of wire Essays

To investigate a factor which will affect, the resistance of wire Essays To investigate a factor which will affect, the resistance of wire Essay To investigate a factor which will affect, the resistance of wire Essay Aim: to investigate a factor which will affect, the resistance of wire.There are four different factors we could choose to vary:-1. Thickness/diameter of the wire2. Length of wire3. Material of wire4. temperature of wireWe decided to change the factor length because it allows us to get continuous data in a large range. It is also the easiest to vary. I decided against Diameter of wire because it is hard to compare to resistance (they cannot be plotted against one another because as resistance goes up the thickness goes down), I also decided not to vary the material the wire is made of because it would give us discrete data which is hard to analyse. Temperature is a very bad variable because it is so hard to control; the circuit will increase in temperature whatever I do, so I need to take that into account.RESISTANCEResistance is anything in the circuit which slows the flow down. We know that Length affects this because as length increases so does resistance. Ohms Law, Potential Difference (V) across a conductor is directly proportional to the current (I) flowing through it, providing the temperature is the same.R=V/I resistance= voltage/currentResistivity: p=RA/lResistivity=resistance X cross section of the wire / length of wirePRELIMINARY REULTSWe did a short preliminary experiment to see how the resistance affected the temperature of the wire, when we put one crocodile clip at 0mm and one at 100mm the wire got so hot it began to burn and give off smoke. From this preliminary experiment we decided not to take any measurements under 100mm because it could become unsafe.RANGE OF RESULTSWe have decided to take results at 100mm, 200mm, 300mm, 400mm, 500mm, 600mm, 700mm, 800mm and 900mm we shall take each measurement twice. This should give us a wide enough range of results to plot on Graphs we will also re-do any anomalous resultsPREDICTIONI predict that as the length increases so will the Resistance because Ohms law states that potential difference is directly proportional to current and the current will increase as the length of the wire increases because there will be more resistance on it (it will be more spread out, current is carried by electrons in metals)SAFE TESTTo make sure everything is safe whilst carrying out the experiment safety goggles must be worn and the wire must not be touched while current is flowing round it and shortly after because it will be hot.FAIR TESTTo make sure the investigation is fair, we will use the same equipment each time, monitor the temperature (if the wire start to give off smoke we will stop and give it time to cool down to reduce anomalies) and we will measure our wire using a micrometer to check the width before doing any equations.EQUIPEMENTPower pack, to power our experiment so current flows through the wire.Ammeter, to measure the current flowing round our circuit.Voltmeter, to measure the voltage of our circuit.1m Nicrome Wire, to test.Wire, to put, our circuit together with.Metre rule, to measure the lengths of wires.Crocodile clips, to hold wires in place.DIAGRAMMETHOD1. set up apparatus as above2. Put crocodile clips at 0mm and 900mm3. Turn power pack on4. record Current and Volts5. Turn off Power pack6. Repeat steps 1-47. Repeat steps 2-6 but with 800mm.700mm, 600mm,500mm,400mm,300mm,200mm and 100mmWe can clearly see my results are correct because the constant is constant. To make our results accurate we used the same equipment each time, kept an eye on the temperature(When the wire started to give off smoke we stopped and give it time to cool down to reduce anomalies), we used digital a digital ammeter and voltmeter to reduce human error and we measured our wire using a micrometer to check the width before doing any equations. The width was 26mgs which is : 0.45 mm.ANAYLSISWe can clearly se that our graph supports our prediction, As the length increases so does the resistance, this tells us that Length and resistance are directly proportional. We can now work out the resistivity of the different lengths of wire:100mmResistivity=0.785 x 0.45100Resistivity=0.00353200mmResistivity=1.49 x 0.45200Resistivity= 0.00335300mmResistivity=2.11 x 0.45300Resistivity= 0.00352400mmResistivity=1.34 x 0.45400Resistivity= 0.00151500mmResistivity= 1.055 x 0.45500Resistivity= 0.00095600mmResistivity= 0.88 x 0.45600Resistivity= 0.00066700mmResistivity=0.81 x 0.45700Resistivity= 0.00052800mmResistivity=0.71 x 0.45800Resistivity=0.00040900mmResistivity= 0.62 x 0.45900Resistivity= 0.00031EVALUATIONOnly one anomalous result was obvious whilst carrying out our investigation (at 700mm) so we went back and did it again. Unfortunately when looking at my graph it seems there were more anomalies, I have circled them in the table and on the graph. I think the anomalies may have occurred because our battery pack broke and we had to get a replacement. Apart from the battery pack everything else went safely and well. Our preliminary experiments allowed us to make sure the wire did not get too hot which meant we did not get any anomalies around 100mm and that we were safer. I think our range was big enough but if we had more time I would have liked to done another repeat and possibly take measurements at 50mm intervals to achieve a greater range of results.I thought our results were really good they clearly supported our prediction that as length increases so does resistance. If I was to further this experiment I would use different metals and see which had the best resistivity, I would not use a metre rule because it was easy for human error to occur as it was not particularly detailed perhaps a digital measuring device would have been better. I might also try a different variable such as diameter of wire to see how that affected the resistance. Overall I was very pleased with our investigation and think that we did all we could to do it well.

Free Essays on Mistress Eyes

My Mistress Eyes Shakespeare’s sonnets seem to be very personal and are like records of his hopes and fears, as well as his loves and friendships. In My Mistress Eyes, Shakespeare seems to be very critical of this woman’s physical imperfections. What he is trying to do is make people understand that love, is loving everything about this person, the good and the bad as well as the ugly, that there is more to love then just physical beauty and that you can fall in love with someone even if she seems to have nothing good about her. Normally when a typical poet writes a sonnet about a woman he loves he talks about her physical beauty, like that her outward appearance, things like her cheeks are like roses and pelts and that her skin is like milk or something really boring and mundane like that. However, this poem lists and describes every body part, even to the point of some smells of the mistress. The speaker expresses the idea that his mistress is not physically beautiful, and she has flaws, but he loves her anyway. This explains the so-called â€Å"flaws† with the writer’s love. He speaks of her eyes being nothing like the sun, her lips not as red as coral, her breast an off-white color, her cheeks less red than roses, and her voice not as pleasant as music. I believe that the speaker expresses this idea in order to say that beauty is only skin deep and there is more to a person than meets the eye. Shakespeare claims that other perfumes, maybe meaning other women doll themselves up and hide the real part of themselves from others, but his mistress doesn’t she is a real plain woman. The writer uses a goddess reference, whom a person who anyone would accept as having perfect physical attributes. His mistress may be a large woman or a cripple who seems to have problems walking. However, despite all these things, he still loves â€Å"to hear her speak† and finds his love rare, recognizable by the gods. Shakespeare... Free Essays on Mistress Eyes Free Essays on Mistress Eyes My Mistress Eyes Shakespeare’s sonnets seem to be very personal and are like records of his hopes and fears, as well as his loves and friendships. In My Mistress Eyes, Shakespeare seems to be very critical of this woman’s physical imperfections. What he is trying to do is make people understand that love, is loving everything about this person, the good and the bad as well as the ugly, that there is more to love then just physical beauty and that you can fall in love with someone even if she seems to have nothing good about her. Normally when a typical poet writes a sonnet about a woman he loves he talks about her physical beauty, like that her outward appearance, things like her cheeks are like roses and pelts and that her skin is like milk or something really boring and mundane like that. However, this poem lists and describes every body part, even to the point of some smells of the mistress. The speaker expresses the idea that his mistress is not physically beautiful, and she has flaws, but he loves her anyway. This explains the so-called â€Å"flaws† with the writer’s love. He speaks of her eyes being nothing like the sun, her lips not as red as coral, her breast an off-white color, her cheeks less red than roses, and her voice not as pleasant as music. I believe that the speaker expresses this idea in order to say that beauty is only skin deep and there is more to a person than meets the eye. Shakespeare claims that other perfumes, maybe meaning other women doll themselves up and hide the real part of themselves from others, but his mistress doesn’t she is a real plain woman. The writer uses a goddess reference, whom a person who anyone would accept as having perfect physical attributes. His mistress may be a large woman or a cripple who seems to have problems walking. However, despite all these things, he still loves â€Å"to hear her speak† and finds his love rare, recognizable by the gods. Shakespeare...

The Shiite Resistance against the Pro-Taliban Sunni-deoband Terrorists Research Paper

The Shiite Resistance against the Pro-Taliban Sunni-deoband Terrorists in Pakistan - Research Paper Example The researcher states that since all humans, who are non-Sunni-Deoband by faith, according to the extremist sect, are perverts and deviants, killing of whom is necessary for the projection, promotion and spread of the nefarious designs of the Sunni-Deoband sect. Since this sect contains terrorists in its parties working with different names and under various platforms, it has become very hard for the Government of Pakistan to detect their criminal activities and arrest them in order to announce punishments to them so that no one in the future could gather the courage to repeat the same. Somehow, the above-described terrorist sect has developed its roots in the national press, as well as in the judiciary and military sectors of the country, along with other public and private organizations; as a result, the sect has set its foot by establishing the evil network in the name of the religion. It is, therefore, the Shiites of Pakistan have to make very hard efforts for protecting the memb ers of their community on the one hand, and unveiling the terrorist designs of the extremists on the other. The Shiites have established different organizations including Tehreek-e-Jafria (i.e. Jafria Movement), Islamic Tehreek, (i.e. Islamic Movement) Sipah-e-Muhammad (the soldiers of the Prophet Muhammad) and others, which always adopt peaceful ways of protests against the terrorist attacks on their religious processions and gatherings on one hand, and target killings of their youth and scholars on the other. As a result, the Shiite Muslins never took law in their hand, and just abide by rules in order to stop the advancements of terrorism in the country. Brief Overview: By critically analyzing the history of the globe at large, it becomes crystal clear that an overwhelming majority of the people coming of every class, creed, community, ethnicity, race and socioeconomic status maintain belief in some supernatural or metaphysical power(s), to which they seek help and beg support in the eve of finding them helpless while facing difficulties and problems of various kinds, which has given birth to the idea of God and religion subsequently. Thousands of the faiths exist in the world, which divides the people into groups and factions, because of the divergences in belief systems, a way of worship and others. Among all major religions existing in the world, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are regarded to be the Abrahamic faiths, which share several things in their mythologies and basic traits. One of the most fundamental commonalities among the three includes their further sub-division into sects, where Jews, Christians, and Muslims display great displeasure and hatred towards the members belonging to the rival sects of their faith and do not appear to get ready to tolerate these opponents at any cost.